uMkhonto weSizwe - Wikipedia
uMkhonto weSizwe (Xhosa pronunciation: [um̩ˈkʰonto we ˈsizwe]; abbreviated MK; English: Spear of the Nation) was the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC), founded by Nelson Mandela in the wake of the Sharpeville massacre.
uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) | South African History Online
Umkhonto weSizwe ("Spear of the Nation") or 'MK' as it was more commonly known, was launched on the 16th December 1961. On the same day in 1838, the Afrikaners had defeated the Zulus at the Battle of the Blood River and it was perhaps significant that the armed struggle was launched on this particular day, more than one hundred years later.
Umkhonto we Sizwe - Encyclopedia Britannica
Founded by Nelson Mandela and others, Umkhonto we Sizwe (commonly abbreviated MK) carried out waves of sabotage and guerrilla attacks against South Africa’s apartheid government, which sanctioned racial segregation and discrimination against nonwhites in the country.
I Am Prepared to Die - Nelson Mandela 1964 - emersonkent.com
Nelson Mandela's I Am Prepared to Die speech, delivered at the Supreme Court, Pretoria, South Africa - April 20, 1964, full text transcript. ... "We of Umkhonto we Sizwe have always sought to achieve liberation without bloodshed and civil clash. We hope, even at this late hour, that our first actions will awaken everyone to a realization of the ...
uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990 - South African …
uMkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation or MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), was jointly formed by leading members of the banned ANC and South African Communist Party (SACP) in 1961. The decision was endorsed by the Congress Alliance.
History of Umkhonto we Sizwe - The O'Malley Archives - Nelson Mandela
Apr 6, 2011 · The formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe by the ANC, SACP and fraternal organisations is announced by a series of bomb blasts against apartheid structures in Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth and Durban. 1962, January: Nelson Mandela leaves South Africa for military training. 1963, October to June:
The Turn to Sabotage by The Congress Movement in South Africa
Oct 3, 2019 · Why did leaders of the Congress movement in South Africa abandon their exclusive reliance on non-violent means in the struggle against apartheid, form an armed unit (Umkhonto we Sizwe), and launch a campaign of spectacular sabotage bombings of …
Address by Nelson Mandela to the Umkhonto we Sizwe National Conference
Sep 3, 1993 · You, the combatants of our peoples army, Umkhonto We Sizwe, have left an indelible mark on the history of our struggle for freedom and democracy. We are gathered here today to look back on that history, to acknowledge both our strengths and weaknesses and more importantly to consolidate our gains in order to face the challenges ahead.
Mandela’s Army: Urban Revolt in South Africa, 1960–1964
Nov 13, 2019 · This article focuses on Nelson Mandela’s tenure as the first commander-in-chief of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK). It emphasises his objectives for MK as reflected in the archive of diaries, notebooks and reports that he produced at the time.
20th Anniversary Speech of Umkhonto we Sizwe - The O'Malley …
December 16th, 1981, marks the 20th anniversary of our glorious people's army, Umkhonto we Sizwe, the spear of the oppressed black people of our land. This year on Heroes' Day, we look back with pride over 20 years of arduous struggle, and forward with resolve and determination to the battles ahead.