Figure 1 shows a variation on a sine wave oscillator, it uses just two transistors and a single variable resistor to set the frequency. Figure 1 Just a couple of components are needed for a simple ...

Mostly-Analog editor Andy Turudic takes a look at the original 1963 ISSCC paper that described the world’s first CMOS process ...

For input signals with high noise, a two-transistor cascoded SO is preferable. The output buffer, Q 2, provides protection between the oscillator and the output world. However, if you want to simplify ...

Modulation effects are one of our pedalboard’s essentials. But where do they come from and what do they do? We explore the history of modulation, from amps and studio hardware to compact stompboxes ...

If the current is too high, this voltage can be high enough that the transistors in the mirror will leave the saturation region, and if it is too low the output signal of the ring oscillator can be ...

The advancements in transistor architecture and DTCO are ... resulting in a 6.2 per cent increase in ring oscillator frequency. The first metal layer (M1) has also been optimised, created using ...

Transistor architecture and DTCO advantages ... resistance by 55% and increases the ring oscillator's frequency by about 6.2%. Additionally, the first metal layer (M1) is now created in one ...

Abstract: A transistor oscillator which is stable up to 150°F has been developed for obtaining electrical measurements. A reactance-modulation technique uses time rather than gain to control the ...

Abstract: Three types of HF and VHF crystal controlled transistor oscillators are experimentally studied to assess their frequency shift bandwidth and stability properties. The capacitance bridge ...

Tiny Tapeout is an educational project that aims to make it easier and cheaper than ever to get your digital designs manufactured on a real chip.