Digital transactions have emerged as a dominant force in today’s global commerce sector, empowering businesses and fin ...

It’s not every day a high school student completes a math paper and has it published in an academic journal. However, for ...

In a US retrospective study of data on veterans with compensated cirrhosis, more than half progressed to complications after approximately 5 years.

Abstract: This paper studies the secure state estimation problem of continuous-time cyber-physical systems affected by sensor attacks and actuator faults, where the attackers do not target fixed ...

Define state-value and (true) state value of an MDP Define Q-value and (true) Q value of an MDP The idea of discounting stems from the common idea that a reward now is better than the same reward ...