for L4, 1.74 (95% CI 1.04–2.93) for L5, and 1.29 (95% CI 0.97–1.72) for S1 nerve root impingement. An overall clinical evaluation, concluding on the level and side of the radiculopathy was ...

Each lumbar disc (L1/2–L5/S1) was examined for the presence and degree of disc degeneration. Discs were graded as normal, or degenerate on a scale of 1 (mildly degenerated) to 3 (severely degenerated) ...

Depending on the cause of your pain, the appropriate surgical treatment will take the form of spinal decompression, lumbar fusion, or a combination of the two. There are a wide variety of approaches ...

While the source of back pain – including pain radiating down from the back into the buttocks and lower extremities – can be difficult to diagnose, there are a number of signs and symptoms that may ...

1 Puget Sound Sports and Spine Physicians, Seattle, Washington, USA and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 2 Puget Sound Sports and Spine Physicians and ...

The Everlasting Comfort Seat Cushion & Lumbar Support Pillow Combo is a great alternative to the Xtreme Comforts Large Seat Cushion we recommend, if that cushion is out of stock. We chose the ...

Objective: This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) and unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBED) in the management of L4-L5 ...

Causes of lumbar spine revision surgeries are listed in online supplementary table S1.1 and S1.2. The prevalence of incidental durotomy was 0.04%. The proportions of postoperative haemorrhage and ...