The United States defined its preferred cyberspace norms—Internet openness, security, liberty, free speech, and with minimal government oversight and surveillance—in its 2011 International ...

Malicious URLs are among the most common vectors for cyberattacks, enabling phishing, malware distribution, and data theft.

By the mid-21st century, it became evident that the “cyberspace” created by the internet had profound effects on the broader dynamics and patterns ...

China's cyberspace regulators shut down over 400 websites and platforms in 2024, punishing 2.39 million online accounts and merchants to combat activities associated with the "online troll farms".