The term is applied to radically different compositions across more than 1,000 years of history. We need a better definition.

participants discussed colonial aspects of classical music. Ludwig van Beethoven was fascinated by exoticism, cultures other than the familiar European ones and their representation in art. He was not ...

The Victorian era saw a proliferation of classical music organisations, beginning with the Philharmonic Society, 1813, and the Royal Academy of Music, 1822, both keenly promoting Beethoven's music.