Covariate-adaptive randomization represents an advanced methodology in the design of clinical trials, ensuring a balanced distribution of prognostic factors among treatment groups. This approach ...

Researchers argue that, in some situations where machine-learning models are used to allocate scarce resources or opportunities, randomizing decisions in a structured way may lead to fairer outcomes.

Random walks in random environments constitute a pivotal area of research at the interface of probability theory, statistical physics and mathematical modelling. This field investigates stochastic ...