New research reveals that ancient interbreeding between humans and Neanderthals shaped our modern human DNA - especially on the X chromosome.

A study shows that interbreeding between the two species occurred primarily in one direction, and the origin of this bias is still unclear ...

Fossils offer a detailed record of early human skulls but not the brains inside them. So researchers have been using genetic material taken from those fossils to search for clues about how the human ...

Most people with non-African ancestry carry roughly 1–4% Neanderthal ancestry spread across their genomes, a legacy of contact after modern humans expanded into Eurasia. But the X chromosome, one of ...

Humans and Neanderthals cozied up from time to time when they lived in the same areas tens of thousands of years ago.

Deep in your muscles, an enzyme called AMPD1 helps turn chemical fuel into usable energy. When it does not work well, muscles tire faster.

FILE: Reconstructions of a Neanderthal man, left, and woman at the Neanderthal museum in Mettmann, Germany, March 2009 ...

A 2026 study finds sex-biased interbreeding, not genetic incompatibility, likely explains why Neanderthal DNA is scarce on the human X chromosome.

Picture two ancient apes in a lush African forest, gently pressing their mouths together, not for romance, but as a primal ...

Females carry two X chromosomes, and males carry one. Therefore, if Neanderthal males and modern human females were mating ...

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