The development of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has enabled the silencing of specific gene expression, but applying this technology in vivo has proven challenging, mainly because of the ...

Tumour Necrosis Factor TNF is crucial for defence but can drive chronic inflammation linked to arthritis and autoimmune diseases when overproduced ...

A study utilizing alveolar macrophage-like (AML) cells revealed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is critical for fighting tuberculosis but not other infections. The findings challenge existing beliefs ...

Several lines of evidence both from experimental models and from clinical studies reveal that TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) and its interaction with death receptor 3 (DR3) is critically involved in ...

Previous studies showed an elevation of serum TNF-α in patients with AD and might be associated with AD development. However, the immuno-origin of TNF ligands and their effecter cells across ...

Specifically, TNF is responsible for triggering the release of molecules called reactive oxygen species (ROS) within alveolar macrophages to help kill off Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium ...

Activated macrophages play a central role in the onset and progression of RA. They can produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and ...

and macrophage-derived GAL3 protein levels in WATs of HIF mice, which reduced BBB leakage, neuroinflammation, and memory deficits. It also reversed the HFD-induced increases in proinflammatory ...

Inflammatory processes are the body’s defence against local damage and disease. Inflammation involves the influx into organs of immune cells (white blood cells) from the blood. These cells deal with ...